Uzbekistan is an independent state in Central Asia. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Uzbekistan chose a democratic policy and has been successfully implementing reforms since then, joining the international economic community as a full member.
Uzbekistan is an extraordinary land, original, with a rich heritage. Amazingly talented and generous people live here. People are very kind, pure in soul, carefully preserving their traditions and customs. Each national holiday has become a State holiday for all residents of the Republic. People wait for them and celebrate them with pleasure. Thus, for Navruz, Hayit, Constitution Day, Independence Day, students annually prepare national dances, songs with interest, read poems of Uzbek poets and their own, treat each other with national sweets, organize exhibitions of handicrafts. Even Uzbek language lessons are not like ordinary lessons. They instill a love for poetry and prose, introduce us to national traditions and customs. Young people grew up on the poems of Agakhi, Shermukhamed Munis, Fizuli, Bedil, plays by Abdullah Kahhar, Nazim Hikmet. Of course, after getting acquainted with the works of these great people, you want to read the rubai yourself, and not in translation, but in the original.
During the years of independence, a powerful impetus was given to the development of art and creativity in all its manifestations. This was facilitated by the process of revival of national, cultural and spiritual values, as well as the entry of Uzbekistan into the international arena. In the field of musical art, the republican competition "Uzbekistan - Vatanim Manim" and the international - "Sharq Taronalari" have become representative forums that help identify talents.
In the last seventeen years, the musical culture of Uzbekistan has been enriched with new works by composers R. Abdullaev, F.G. Alimov, A. Ergashev, F.M. and D.F. Yanov-Yanovsky, A. Ikramov, N. Giyasov, M.A. Atajanov, A. Mansurov, H. Nazarov and others. They have creatively refraction of maqom intonation and modern harmonies, folklore and pop rhythms, ideas of high morality, philosophical reflections, gentle humor, emotional and aesthetic richness. But this is not all that our free country can be proud of. We produce airplanes, excavators, power transformers, electric cranes, a wide range of consumer goods. Our products are exported to different countries of the world. The modern economy of the Republic of Uzbekistan is a multi-sectoral territorial-production complex. Its basis is the gas industry, non-ferrous and ferrous metallurgy, cotton ginning, textile, canning and others. But the main wealth of Uzbekistan is cotton. In terms of its importance in the economy of free Uzbekistan, cotton occupies one of the leading places. It is on a par with bread, metal, oil. That is why people have lovingly called it "white gold" since ancient times.
General information
- Location: Central Asia, north of Afghanistan.
- Coordinates: 41-00 north latitude, 64-00 east longitude.
- Area: 447,900 sq. km. of which land - 425,900 sq. km.; water - 22,000 sq. km.
- Population: over 29 million people (2011), of which 37% are urban and 63% are rural.
- Population density: 59.4 per sq. km.
- Population composition: Uzbeks 80%, Russians 5.5%, Tajiks 5%, Kazakhs 5%, Karakalpaks 2%, Tatars 1.5%.
- Administrative divisions: 12 regions, 1 autonomous republic (Karakalpakstan)
- Capital of Uzbekistan: Tashkent more than 2.5 million people
- Language: Uzbek language is the official language, Russian is the language of international communication
- Religions: Islam - 88%, Christianity - 9%, 3% - believers of other denominations
- Time: Greenwich Mean Time + 5 hours
- Money: sum
Location
The Republic of Uzbekistan is located in the central part of Central Asia, between two rivers - the Amu Darya and the Syr Darya. In the northwest of the republic there is the Turan Lowland and the Tien Shan Mountains, and in the southeast there are the Pamir-Alay mountain ranges. The Kyzylkum Desert is in the north. Uzbekistan borders with Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan and Afghanistan.
Climate
The climate in Uzbekistan is sharply continental. The average monthly temperature in winter is from +10 to +3oC. Summer is hot and dry. In summer, the temperature fluctuates from +35 to +45oC. Autumn is quite warm. At this time, the bazaars have the largest number of delicious, famous Uzbek fruits and vegetables. The air temperature at this time of year is about +13oC.
Cuisine
There are more than a thousand national dishes and about 100 ways of cooking Uzbek pilaf in Uzbek cuisine. In each region of the republic, it is cooked in its own way. The caloric content and ecological purity of local food products are unique. Uzbek cuisine cannot be described in words, it must be tried. Amazing tasting fruits and vegetables grown under the gentle eastern sun are also components of Uzbek cuisine.
Language
Uzbek is the state language of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the language of interethnic communication. Up to 80% of the population can speak Russian. In some regions, such as Samarkand and Bukhara, the indigenous population speaks Tajik.
Public holidays
- January 1 - New Year
- March 8 - International Women's Day
- March 21 - Navruz (Central Asian New Year)
- May 9 - Day of Remembrance and Honor
- September 1 - Independence Day
- October 1 - Teacher and Mentor Day
- December 8 - Constitution Day
Religious holidays with changing dates:
- Ramadan Khait
- Kurban Khait
